Table 2 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Study design / Article type

Observational prospective and retrospective studies

case series and case reports

letters to the editor

Conferences Abstracts

Book chapters

Period

All evidence published in the period 2002–2023

Publications prior to 2002

Language

English, German

Other languages

Additional criteria

NA

• Patient cohorts include a heterogeneous mix of different specialties, rendering the extraction of OMFS-related data not possible

• No outcome was directly relevant to one of the primary research questions investigated in the review

• Duplicate publication bias risk with systematic review and meta-analysis

• Articles focused exclusively on emergence agitation