Table 2 The pooled overall prevalence of TMD in study subgroups
From: Temporomandibular disorder prevalence in malocclusion patients: a meta-analysis
Subgroup | Numbers of studies | Numbers of TMD in malocclusions | Sample size | Subgroup analysis | Meta-regression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
prevalence | 95% Cl | I2 (%) | p-value | I2 (%) | p-value | ||||
Malocclusion | 18 | 3492 | 11348 | 0.43 | 0.35, 0.50 | 97.90% | 0.000 | ||
Criteria for diagnosing TMD | 0.00% | 0.094 | |||||||
 DC/TMD | 4 | 673 | 1353 | 0.47 | 0.38, 0.57 | 89.00% | 0.000 | ||
 RDC/TMD Axis I | 2 | 278 | 900 | 0.30 | 0.18, 0.43 | 94.10% | 0.000 | ||
 FAI | 5 | 475 | 1053 | 0.46 | 0.24, 0.67 | 98.20% | 0.000 | ||
 Helkinmo Anamnestic Index | 3 | 152 | 386 | 0.49 | 0.23, 0.75 | 96.20% | 0.000 | ||
 Others | 4 | 1914 | 7656 | 0.37 | 0.25, 0.49 | 96.70% | 0.000 | ||
Age | 9 | 2277 | 8357 | 0.40 | 0.28, 0.51 | 99.10% | 0.000 | 0.00% | 0.984 |
< 19 | 6 | 820 | 4293 | 0.39 | 0.20, 0.57 | 98.80% | 0.000 | ||
 ≧19 | 3 | 1457 | 4064 | 0.42 | 0.28, 0.56 | 96.10% | 0.000 | ||
Sex | 17 | 1152 | 3679 | 0.38 | 0.28, 0.49 | 98.80% | 0.000 | 0.00% | 0.635 |
 Males | 9 | 452 | 1789 | 0.33 | 0.22, 0.44 | 97.20% | 0.000 | ||
 Females | 8 | 700 | 1890 | 0.44 | 0.24, 0.64 | 99.30% | 0.000 | ||
Class classification of malocclusion | 0.36 | 0.32, 0.40 | 96.80% | 0.000 | 0.00% | 0.048 | |||
 Class I | 15 | 2009 | 7334 | 0.31 | 0.24, 0.38 | 97.80% | 0.000 | ||
 Class II | 21 | 934 | 3187 | 0.40 | 0.32, 0.49 | 97.10% | 0.000 | ||
 Class II/1 | 6 | 393 | 1179 | 0.39 | 0.28, 0.49 | 90.70% | 0.000 | ||
 Class II/2 | 6 | 145 | 439 | 0.44 | 0.23, 0.64 | 94.50% | 0.000 | ||
 Class III | 14 | 315 | 998 | 0.39 | 0.27, 0.50 | 94.70% | 0.000 | ||
 Different classes on both side | 3 | 129 | 426 | 0.34 | 0.15, 0.53 | 93.70% | 0.000 | ||
Other classification of malocclusion | 0.37 | 0.32, 0.43 | 94.80% | 0.000 | 0.00% | 0.067 | |||
 Bimaxiillary protrusion | 2 | 192 | 626 | 0.29 | 0.23, 0.36 | 65.10% | 0.090 | ||
 Crowding | 3 | 60 | 578 | 0.17 | 0.00, 0.34 | 92.70% | 0.000 | ||
 Open bite | 9 | 59 | 186 | 0.42 | 0.24, 0.59 | 86.60% | 0.000 | ||
 Overbite | 7 | 286 | 961 | 0.34 | 0.17, 0.51 | 97.30% | 0.000 | ||
 Overjet | 7 | 274 | 684 | 0.40 | 0.36, 0.44 | 0.00% | 0.481 | ||
 Crossbite | 17 | 209 | 776 | 0.37 | 0.27, 0.48 | 92.20% | 0.000 | ||
 Anterior crossbite | 4 | 63 | 351 | 0.18 | 0.08, 0.28 | 82.10% | 0.001 | ||
 Posterior crossbite | 7 | 67 | 269 | 0.30 | 0.15, 0.45 | 83.50% | 0.000 | ||
 Posterior unilateral crossbite | 2 | 32 | 54 | 0.59 | 0.46, 0.72 | 0.00% | 0.806 | ||