Table 3 Cephalometric analysis at T0 for the total study population and the two groups

sagittal

SNA [°] ± SD

82.1 ± 3.9

82.3 ± 4.2

81.7 ± 3.2

0.567

SNB [°] ± SD

79.0 ± 4.1

79.8 ± 4.0

77.5 ± 4.0

0.047*

ANB [°] ± SD

3.1 ± 3.6

2.5 ± 4.0

4.2 ± 2.5

0.102

SNPg [°] ± SD

80.4 ± 4.2

81.3 ± 4.0

78.9 ± 4.1

0.035*

vertical

ML-NSL [°] ± SD

29.5 ± 7.6

28.1 ± 6.4

32.3 ± 9.0

0.042*

NL-NSL [°] ± SD

7.5 ± 2.7

7.3 ± 2.6

8.0 ± 2.9

0.346

ML-NL [°] ± SD

22.0 ± 7.3

20.8 ± 5.9

24.3 ± 9.1

0.083

Compound angle [°] ± SD

389.5 ± 7.6

388.0 ± 6.5

392.3 ± 9.0

0.042*

Gonion angle [°] ± SD

123.8 ± 8.3

123.2 ± 7.4

124.9 ± 9.9

0.475

Jarabak ratio [%] ± SD

70.7 ± 6.1

71.8 ± 5.4

68.7 ± 6.9

0.064

PAS

PASP1 [mm]

25.1 ± ± 3.3

25.3 ± 3.3

24.6 ± 3.4

0.468

PASP2 [mm]

20.0 ± 4.6

19.5 ± 4.6

21.3 ± 4.6

0.156

PASP3 [mm]

11.4 ± 3.6

12.0 ± 3.7

10.2 ± 3.0

0.072

PASP4 [mm]

11.5 ± 3.2

12.0 ± 3.4

10.3 ± 2.5

0.055

PASP5 [mm]

15.2 ± 5.2

16.1 ± 4.9

13.3 ± 5.3

0.050

PASP6 [mm]

17.6 ± 4.0

18.3 ± 4.0

16.4 ± 3.8

0.103